Artificial Flower Makers |
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114 firms investigated apprentice apprenticeship artificial flower shops artificial flower trade average weekly branching Broadway busy season candy cheap flowers child labor courts crimping dyeing EMPLOYED IN ARTIFICIAL employers employment establishments facts fancy feather feather makers feather trade fifty-four hours flower and feather flower factories flower makers flower manufacturers flowers at home forewoman four grade home workers home-work system hours of labor households industry interviewed Italian girls learners Legislature less living lower west side ment method milliners millinery months mother number of women Number Per cent occupations organized ostrich overtime Parisian petals ployers processes records reported rose secured sixteen skill slack season specified standards supply information TABLE tenement tion trade in Paris union United States Census violation wage-earners wages paid week weekly earnings weekly wages woman WOMEN EMPLOYED workroom York City
Popular passages
Page 240 - The Fourteenth Amendment does not enact Mr. Herbert Spencer's Social Statics. . . . Some of these laws embody convictions or prejudices which judges are likely to share. Some may not. But a constitution is not intended to embody a particular economic theory, whether of paternalism and the organic relation of the citizen to the state or of laissez faire.
Page 240 - This case is decided upon an economic theory which a large part of the country does not entertain. If it were a question whether I agreed with that theory, I should desire to study it further and long before making up my mind. But I do not conceive that to be my duty, because I strongly believe that my agreement or disagreement has nothing to do with the right of a majority to embody their opinions...
Page 240 - Statutes of the nature of that under review, limiting the hours in which grown and intelligent men may labor to earn their living. are mere meddlesome interferences with the rights of the individual...
Page 239 - No person shall, on account of sex, be disqualified from entering upon or pursuing any lawful business, vocation, or profession.
Page 246 - No female minor under the age of twenty-one years and no woman shall be employed or permitted to work in any factory in this state before six o'clock in the morning, or after nine o'clock in the evening...
Page 241 - That woman's physical structure and the performance of maternal functions place her at a disadvantage in the struggle for subsistence is obvious. This is especially true when the burdens of motherhood are upon her. Even when they are not, by abundant testimony of the medical fraternity continuance for a long time on her feet at work, repeating this from day to day, tends to injurious effects upon the body, and as healthy...
Page 240 - The fact that economic theories entertained by the judges influence their decisions as to the limits of the police power should not be excluded from the mind while studying the subject. ' Neither can such decisions be regarded as landmarks permanently defining such limits. Laws, which may be meddlesome interferences with the liberty of the individual in a primitive state, may in a highly organized society become essential to public welfare or even to the continuance of civil liberty itself. The pace...
Page 137 - No tenement-house nor any part thereof shall be used for the purpose of manufacturing, altering, repairing or finishing therein, any coats, vests, knee-pants, trousers, overalls, cloaks, hats, caps, suspenders, jerseys, blouses, dresses, waists, waistbands, underwear, neckwear, furs, fur trimmings, fur garments, skirts, shirts, aprons, purses, pocket-books, slippers, paper boxes, paper bags, feathers, artificial flowers, cigarettes, cigars, umbrellas, or articles of rubber, nor for the purpose of...
Page 237 - ... and, second, that the exemption of contracts for labor in canning factories during the summer season violates the principle that laws must be uniform in their application and the provision in the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution forbidding any State to deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the law. I propose to rest this case on the authority of reported decisions of the courts, with a few prefatory remarks as to their relative value. Prior to...
Page 242 - Rep. 105. These are all cases in which canning factories have been exempted from the operation of laws fixing the hours of labor for women and children in manufacturing establishments. The relator has presented to me a record of evidence taken this year before a committee of the Senate of the State of New York. It is claimed that this record shows that conditions in canning establishments are more injurious to the health of women and children than in many other factories, for instance, than in candy...